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Racial disparities in cognitive performance over time among older adults: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood effects.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : 單行本
正題名/作者:	Racial disparities in cognitive performance over time among older adults: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood effects./
作者:	Martinez, Dana Michelle.
面頁冊數:	199 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: B, page: 5888.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-09B.
標題:	Gerontology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3280973
ISBN:	9780549234302

Racial disparities in cognitive performance over time among older adults: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood effects.
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100 1 $a Martinez, Dana Michelle. $3 1000006697
245 1 0 $a Racial disparities in cognitive performance over time among older adults: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood effects.
300 $a 199 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: B, page: 5888.
500 $a Advisers: Carol S. Aneshensel; Steven P. Wallace.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2007.
520 $a The dramatic shift in the age structure of the world population as the Baby Boomers turn 65 brings to light the importance of understanding factors that influence health at this stage of the life course. Health includes both physical and mental health, as advances in one area are not necessarily beneficial in the absence of advances in the other. Cognitive function is particularly important due to the impact cognitive deficits have on other health conditions, and the potential increase in care needs that accompany cognitive decline. The impact of social context on the health outcomes of older adults is understudied, despite the fact older adults likely spend a disproportionate amount of time interacting with their neighborhood environment compared with younger residents who leave for school and work. Persistent race-based residential segregation in the United States suggests neighborhood characteristics consequential to health outcomes will vary greatly across neighborhoods. Paralleling recent research initiatives to understand racial disparities in health outcomes, the dissertation attempts to understand observed race differences in cognitive performance among older adults.
520 $a This nationally representative sample of older adults (N = 8,222) was first interviewed in 1993 and reassessed in 1995. Multivariate linear regression with the derived sample (N= 2,580 residing in 1,007 tracts), adjusted for the survey sample design, assessed racial disparities in cognitive function over time. Additionally, the multilevel modeling techniques capitalized on the nested data structure to evaluate neighborhood effects on cognitive function among older adults over time.
520 $a Individual-level results suggest cognitive decline is associated with being male, married, having less education, having had a stroke, and an increase in functional limitations. Further, the effects of age and baseline cognition are conditional on racial group membership. At the neighborhood level, cognitive decline is associated with living in tracts with greater proportions of African American residents, suggesting the social and economic characteristics particular to predominantly African American neighborhoods are detrimental to cognition among older residents. The results highlight the role of social context in the social construction of race, and unearth new areas that warrant further examination in understanding race disparities in cognitive function among older adults.
590 $a School code: 0031.
650 4 $a Gerontology. $3 168436
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Public Health. $3 1000006002
690 $a 0351
690 $a 0573
710 2 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $3 170968
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-09B.
790 1 0 $a Aneshensel, Carol S., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Wallace, Steven P., $e advisor
790 $a 0031
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3280973