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The neural substrates of worry in ol...

Eldreth, Dana Ann.

The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder./
Author:	Eldreth, Dana Ann.
Description:	128 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: B, page: 5021.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-08B.
Subject:	Psychology, Psychobiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3326976
ISBN:	9780549791478

The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder.
Eldreth, Dana Ann.

The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder. - 128 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: B, page: 5021.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - Newark, 2008.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders among older adults. It is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that occurs more days than not and lasts for at least six months. Over time, excessive worry can lead to increased risk for coronary heart disease. These factors make GAD an important disorder to investigate in older adults especially as the older population increases in number. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine the neural correlates of worry in older adults with GAD compared to a group of nonanxious older adults. The avoidance model of worry was used as a theoretical base for this study because it is one of the most widely accepted theories of worry in GAD. This theory proposes that worry serves as a cognitive avoidance strategy in the face of a perceived threat to limit aversive autonomic arousal. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activity while participants performed a fixation, neutral ruminative thinking and worry task. First, we aimed to determine differences in whole brain activity between GADs and controls during each task condition. Greater activity was observed in GADs compared to controls during worry in regions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) including left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left middle frontal gyrus. Second, effective connectivity analysis revealed more regions of PFC suppressed activity in emotional processing regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus during worry in the GAD group compared to the control group. Next, we tested frontal asymmetry and found more left frontal asymmetry in the GAD group relative to the control group during worry. Finally, we correlated anxiety symptom severity and inhibitory ability with PFC regions of interest and amygdala, however these correlations did not reach significance in either group. These data suggest that GAD worry is distinct from nonpathological worry in that it recruits more PFC regions and these PFC regions exert inhibitory influences on emotional processing regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus. However, greater severity and better inhibitory ability do not affect brain activity during worry.

ISBN: 9780549791478Subjects--Topical Terms:

1000006609
Psychology, Psychobiology.

The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder.
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100 1 $a Eldreth, Dana Ann. $3 1000006791
245 1 4 $a The neural substrates of worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder.
300 $a 128 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: B, page: 5021.
500 $a Adviser: Jan Mohlman.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - Newark, 2008.
520 $a Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders among older adults. It is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that occurs more days than not and lasts for at least six months. Over time, excessive worry can lead to increased risk for coronary heart disease. These factors make GAD an important disorder to investigate in older adults especially as the older population increases in number. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine the neural correlates of worry in older adults with GAD compared to a group of nonanxious older adults. The avoidance model of worry was used as a theoretical base for this study because it is one of the most widely accepted theories of worry in GAD. This theory proposes that worry serves as a cognitive avoidance strategy in the face of a perceived threat to limit aversive autonomic arousal. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activity while participants performed a fixation, neutral ruminative thinking and worry task. First, we aimed to determine differences in whole brain activity between GADs and controls during each task condition. Greater activity was observed in GADs compared to controls during worry in regions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) including left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left middle frontal gyrus. Second, effective connectivity analysis revealed more regions of PFC suppressed activity in emotional processing regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus during worry in the GAD group compared to the control group. Next, we tested frontal asymmetry and found more left frontal asymmetry in the GAD group relative to the control group during worry. Finally, we correlated anxiety symptom severity and inhibitory ability with PFC regions of interest and amygdala, however these correlations did not reach significance in either group. These data suggest that GAD worry is distinct from nonpathological worry in that it recruits more PFC regions and these PFC regions exert inhibitory influences on emotional processing regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus. However, greater severity and better inhibitory ability do not affect brain activity during worry.
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650 4 $a Gerontology. $3 168436
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